Batik Indonesia - Javanese traditional, the art of painting on fabric
Batik is the indigenous culture of the people of Indonesia,
especially Java. Batik is the art of painting on cloth, which is a handmade
work of man, without the use of machines, often called with batik. Not strange,
if the price of batik tulis is much more expensive than a regular shirt,
because therein lies the value of art, and time working on it take a long time,
about 2 to 3 months. The women of Java in the past make their skill in making
batik as a livelihood, they were working on hand to fill spare time at home.
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| The girls was wearing Batik, Java |
The history of Batik
The history of the art of batik in Indonesia, relates closely to the development of the Majapahit Empire and the spread of Islam in Java. In some accounts, the event of batik is completed at over and over of the Mataram Kingdom, later within the work of Solo and Yogyakarta. therefore the art of batik in Republic of Indonesia, has been famous since the time of Majapahit, and work continues to evolve into the dominion and subsequent Kings. As for the start of widespread art of batik Indonesia and people belong to the particular tribe of Java was following the end of the XVIII century, or the beginning of XIX century. Batik tulis, in produce until the early 20th century XX, and batik cap known recently after World War I is exhausted or about 1920.
As for the connection with the dissemination of Islamic teachings. Many of these areas the center of batik in Java is the students and then hand-tool of economic struggle by Muslim traders figures against the economy of the Netherlands.
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| Painting on fabric, Batik |
The art of batik is the art of drawing on top of fabric for clothing that became one of the cultural royalty-Kings of ancient Indonesia. Batik is done only limited initially in the Palace, and the result for the clothing of the King and the family as well as his followers. Therefore many of the followers of the King who lived outside the Palace, then the art of batik is carried by them out of the Palace and carried out his place respectively.
In the end this batik art imitated by people residing outside the Sultan's Palace, and later expanded into the women's job to fill in spare time. Furthermore, batik, who had only the clothes the family Palace, then became a popular folk clothing society, both women and men. White cloth materials used at that time was the result of homespun. In Java, there are some areas that are popular with batik pattern peculiar type. And it's been well known in Indonesia as well as overseas. For example, the Yogyakarta Batik, Batik Solo, Batik Pekalongan, Batik Lasem, and others.
While the coloring materials used, consisting of herbs native to Indonesia made by yourself, for example, testing: mengkudu tree, tinggi, soga, nila, and soda is made from soda abu, as well as salts are made from the land of mud.
The following are some of the famous batik patterns, along with the short explanation
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| Motifs of Batik 1-6 |
1. Batik Kraton
Explanation: the beginning of all the types of batik in Indonesia. His motives to contain the meaning of philosophy of living. Batik-batik made by the Princess of the Kingdom, and made by the batik experts live in the environment of the Palace. Her motive basically was banned for use by the general public, such as Batik motif Batik Parang Parang Barong, Batik Parang Rusak, including Batik Udan Liris, and some other motive.
2. Batik Pringgondani
Explanation: the name of the kesatriyan residence Ghatotkacha, son of Werkudara. This motif is usually shown in dark colors, such as blue indigo and soga-Brown, as well as full of small vine tendrils interspersed with dragons.
3. Batik Sida Luhur
Description: Motives with words beginning with Sida (pronounced sido), is the motive that made many of the worker. The word " sida" itself means so/be/fulfilled. Thus, beginning with motives "sida", contains the hope that what is wanted can be achieved. The motif of the SidaLuhur meaningful, hope to achieve a high position, and can be a role model in society.
4. Batik Kawung
Explanation: this patterned circle motifs similar to fruit, Kawung, (a type of coconut or fruit is sometimes also considered as kolang-kaling), which is set in a neat geometric. Sometimes, the motive is also interpreted as a lotus flower image, with four petals that sheet breaks. Lotus was the flower that symbolises longevity and purity. Usually the motifs Kawung named based on the large and the small, round-oval shape contained within a specific motive. For example: Kawung Picis, was composed by kawung form a small circle. Picis is ten cents worth of currencies that the shape is small. Whereas Kawung Bribil, kawung motifs are composed by a larger form than kawung Picis. This is in accordance with the name of bribil, a form of currency larger than a half penny and valued picis. Whereas a round-shape kawung oval outweigh Kawung Bribil called, Kawung cents.
5. Batik Sida Asih
Description: Meanings of motifs Sida Asih (pronounced Sido Asih), is to hope that human beings develop a sense of mutual affection and love among human beings.
6. Batik Sida Mukti
Description: Sida Mukti is batik motifs that are usually made of dye substances soga nature. Usually used as a fabric in the wedding ceremony. The elements contained in it are the motif gurda. Sida mukti, which contains the hope to achieve happiness and interiorly.
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| Motifs Batik 6-12 |
Explanation: Is the motif of a ban from the Palace that made
the artists from the merchants to create a new motif to taste community
merchants. They also change the motif of the pattern so that the ban can be
used by the general public. Sudagaran batik styles typically affected
"bold" within the choice of shapes, stylizing of natural objects or
animals, or the mix of colours that dominated the colour blue and soga. Batik
Sudagaran serves quality in machining process and complexity in presenting a
new motif. Batik batik change Sudagaran creator of the Palace with intricate
patterns and fill them with cecek (Freckle) that created a very beautiful
batik.
8. Batik Semen Rama
Description: meant as representations of the "spring of
life" (life that thrive or prosper). There are several types of staple
ornament on motives of cement. The first is the ornament that is associated
with the Mainland, such as four-legged animals or plants. Second is the
ornament that relate to air, such as lions, birds and megamendung. While the
third is an ornament that is associated with the sea or water, such as snakes,
fish and frogs. The most likely type of ornament has something to do with the
familiar Triloka or Tribawana. The doctrine is a doctrine of the presence of
the three worlds; Middle world where humans live, the world's top place of the
gods and the sacred, as well as the underworld where people are his way of life
is not true/filled angkara wrath. In addition to the Semen of meaning of Rama
(read Cement Romo) itself is often associated with the Ramayana story is loaded
with teaching or teaching the Hastha Brata once came through the eightfold
path. This teaching is the discourse of the primacy of Ramawijaya to Vibhishana
when crowned King of ALengka. So "Cement Romo" contains the main
properties that should be owned by a King or ruler of the people.
9. Batik Sekar Jagad
Explanation: one of the traditional Indonesia batik motifs.
This pattern contains the meaning of beauty and beauty so others who viewed
will be fascinated. Others contended that motive Sekar Universe actually comes
from the word "kar jagad" are taken from the Java language (Kar =
map; jagad = world), so that this pattern also symbolizes the diversity around
the world.
10. Java Batik Hokokai
During the occupation of Japan at the North coast of Java
batik genre was born, called Hokokai. The dominant motif is flowers such as
cherry blossoms and chrysanthemum. Almost all of the Java batik Hokokai wear
background (isen-isen) highly parang motifs and details like kawung in the
central part and the edge was filled again, for example rice florals.
11. Batik Parang Kusumo
Containing the meaning of life had to be grounded by the
struggle to find a unique fragrance and fragrance of flowers is inner,
(kusumo). Thus, for Javanese people, living in most major communities sought
her personal fragrance is without leaving the prevailing norms and manners in
order to avoid the catastrophe of birth and inner.
12. Batik Truntum
Truntum batik motifs created by Kanjeng Ratu Kencana
(Empress Sunan Paku Buwana III) means the love that grows back. He created this
pattern as a symbol of a sincere love
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